Slide and barrel securing key for automatic pistols



Jan. 5, 1954 B. GUISASOLA 2,664,786

SLIDE AND BARREL SECURING KEY FOR AUTOMATIC PISTOLS Filed Aug. 26, 1947 F115. 1. V FLO. 3. I 0' 7 o 9 INVENTOR Bonifacio Guisaso La ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 5, 1.954

SLIDE AND BARREL SE CURING KEY FOR AUTOMATIC PISTOLS Bonifacio Guisasola, Eibar, Spain Application August 26, 1947, Serial No. 770,725

1 Claim.

.the axis of the barrel absolutely aligned on the target during the passage of the proj ectile through the bore of the weapon. This defect impairs, if

it does not destroy, the efficacy of the firearm.

The principal object of this invention, therefore, is to provide an improved locking device to .lock the barrel and slide together at all times that the bullet is passing through the barrel. When the bullet has left the muzzle and is in free flight, and not before, the new and improved device permits unlocking of the barrel.

The locking and unlocking are effected by means of a simple lever mechanism, without the need for screwing or unscrewing, and without risk of damage to the firearm or injury to the user.

Other objects will become apparent to a person skilled in the art from the ensuing description.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, a preferred embodiment of theinvention is illustrated. It is to be understood, however, that this description is not limited, and that other forms and modifications may be used, as defined in the appended claim.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a partial vertical longitudinal section of the new and improved firearm at the instant of firing a shot, i. e., when the propelling charge is detonated by the firing pin.

Fig. 2 shows on an enlarged scale a portion of the improved locking mechanism in the position of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but at a time when the projectile has left the muzzle of the pistol and the barrel is ready to be unlocked.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the members shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, but at a time when the new locking mechanism has been operated to unlock the barrel.

Fig. 6 is an elevation of the new and improved locking key forming an essential feature of my invention.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the member shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section, taken on the line VIIIVIII of Fig. 7

- The firearm comprises a barrel 2|, a frame 8,

a breech chamber 20, a firing pin 20', a slide 30',

a barrel bushing 3|, and a recoil spring 3| operating in a recoil chamber in a manner wellknown in the art. The upper part of the barrel 2| is formed with looking teeth 29 that are adapted to engage with complementary teeth 30 of the slide 30', so that in normal or rest position of the gun the teeth are engaged as shown in Fig. 1, with the result that the barrel 2| and the slide 30' are locked together. Unlocking will be-effected in a manner to be more fully described hereinafter.

Fixed to the underside of the barrel 2!, underneath the breech chamber 20 and posterior of the recoil spring 3|, is a cam l9, shown more particularly in Fig. 2. The cam I9 is open-notched shaped, with the open end of a notch 22 facing downwardly and rearwardly. The notch 22 is bounded by an inclined straight face 23 at its forward upper portion, thence clockwise, a straight horizontal face 24, thence a cylindrical face 25.

The high portion of the notch 22 is curved, and, proceeding counter-clockwise from this curved apex, there is another straight inclined face 26 parallel to the face 23. The face 26 terminates in a line substantially below the line of intersection of the straight face 23 and the straight horizontal face 24. The horizontal extent of the face 24 may be represented by the line a,b in Fig. 2, the references a and I) being the limits of the straight face 24.

A locking key I that forms an important features of this invention is designed to cooperate with the cam IS, in a manner to be more fully described hereinafter.

The key I comprises a substantially cylindrical portion l, extending about a horizontal axis when it is assembled in the weapon of Figs. 1, 3 and 5. At one end of the cylindrical portion l'is a lever 9 at right angles thereto and extending on the exterior of the gun. The lever 9 acts to rotate the cylindrical portion i of the key about its horizontal axis, as will be shown. a

At about the center of the cylindrical portion I of the key I is formed a semi-cylindrical slot 2 (see Fig. 7) having a circular projecting end portion 3 (see Fig. 8), and two radial side walls 4 (see Fig. 7) defining the slot 2 from the surface of the cylinder l. The remainder of the cylinder l in the region of the slot 2 forms an essentially semi-cylindrical core 5 (see Figs. 7 and 8), having a cylindrical surface 5' coextensive with the cylinder l, an inner flat surface 5" (see Fig. 8), and two beveled retroceding end portions 5".

The frame 8 is suitably provided with a horizontal cylindrical housing I underneath the breech chamber 20, and the cylindrical portion I of the key I is adapted to fit in this housing I to cooperate with the cam I9. When the key I is assembled in the housing I of the frame 8, the lever 9 projects outside the frame 3 so as to be manually operable, and, to facilitate handling, the lever g is provided with a knurled end Ill. The end of the cylindrical portion I remote from the lever 9 is formed with a reduced cylindrical extension II, to which an auxiliary lever 9 may be removably secured for operation on the op-' posite side of the frame 8. If the auxiliary lever 9 is used, it is made removable from the key I, so that the key I may be readily inserted into the housing I.

The frame 8 is provided at the nds of the housing 7 with stops 8 to limit the positions of the levers 9 and 9 of the key I. It is further provided with a central longitudinal channel I2 having a horizontal bottom, a'ver'tical transverse back wall I3, and two vertical, parallel longitudinal side walls I4 (see Fig. 4) In one of the side walls I4 there is provided a bore I5 having a spring-pressed retainer pin IE adapted to frictionally engage a circular groove i? on the rear surface of the cylindrical portion I of the key I (see Fig. 7).

The groove I'I terminates at both ends in an aperture I8 adapted to receive the end of the spring-pressed retainer pin I6, to secure the key I in the shooting or looking position X of the weapon, or in the removal position Z, as will be more fullydescribed (see Fig. 5).

The barrel 2| and slide 39 are of course longitudinally movable with respect to the remainder of the gun. The frame .8. is relatively stationary, and since the key I is accommodated in the housing 7 of the frame 8, the key I is held longitudinally immovable with respect to the frame 8, although it is rotatable about the axis of the cylindrical portion I, as hereinbefore mentioned. The cam I9 and the core 5 are so contoured that the cam I9 slides over the appropriate face of the. core 5, to produce the desired locking and unlocking action of the barrel 2I- and slide 38' wi h. e pect to t r me i 'The operation of the device is as follows:

W en. h fi r is h nor a Q t p sition (Fig. 1), the barrel 2I and the slide til are locked to each other, the muzzle of the barrel 21; is held within the bushing SI, and the back face 32 of the barrel 2i bears against the vertical face 33. The cylindrical surface 5 of the core 5 of the key I is in contact with the similar surface 25. of the cam I9, and the expansive force of the recoil spring 3| acts to keep these cylindrical surface 5 and 26 together,

and also to lock the teeth 29 of the barrel 2% with the teeth 39 of the slide 30. 7

When a shot is fired, the slide 30 recoils jointly with the barrel 2I. The barrel 2I initiates the recoil movement by sl din with its horizontal face 24 from b to a (Fig. 2 upon the cylindrical face 5. of the key I, whereby the initial direction of the barrel remains unchanged during the period that the bullet is passing through the bore. When the bullet has left the nozzle,' the reco il is still proceeding, and. the inclined surface 26 of the cam I9 meets the inclined flat surface 5" of the key I. Ifhis flat 5 it will be observed, is parallel; with the fiat 26 of the cam I9. Since the key I is secured in position in the frame 8, the fiat 26 of; the cam I9 will engage the fiat 5 and be moved downwardly thereby.

As the breech end of the barrel 2| is lowered, its teeth 29 will be disengaged from the mating teeth 39 of the slide 35.

The cam I9 terminates posteriorly in a fiat rectangular face 21, and as the barrel 2! continues its recoil this face 2'I. bears a ainst a similar rectangular face I3 on the frame 8, whereupon recoil of the barrel 2| is terminated. This is the position of parts in Fig. 3. The slide it, however, is still in recoil, and performs the steps of recoil, recovery, and cartridge-feeding. Near the end of the recoil, the face 33 engages the facet? of the barrel 2| and pushes the barrel 2| forwardly, thereby initiating the recovery movement. Now the inclined face 23 of the cam I3 slides on the cylindrical face 5 of the key I, and causes the barrel ,2I to rise and again engage its teeth 29 with the teeth 35 of the slide '38. This engaging motion stops when the edge a, at the junction of the horizontal surface "2 1 and the inclined 23, touches the cylindrical face 5 of the key I. As 'a result, both 'thebarrel 2! and the slide 3%! begin to move forward together. As they move, the horizontal face 24 slides from 0 tot iipon the cylindrical face '5. This completes'the cycle ofslide and bar-rel motions. The sl;i"e tt'fis now locked, The curved face 25 of the cam I 9 re-engages the similar face 5 of the key I, and the gun is again in the position of Fig. 1, ready for'another shot. All this has taken place automatically, without manual movement of the lever 9 or 9", by virtue otthe configuration of the cam I9 andthe key 1,. I

When, however, it is desired to disassemble the gun, the key l provides a quick, easy and safe means for this purpose. The, lever 9,, or 3, is turned from its normal or shooting position .K (Fig. 5 which is parallel with the barrel 2!, through an obtuse angle to the position 2-. Here, the core 5 of the key occupies the poi i n ho n in full i s in i 5. (o n b k l es i F g.2), Whe e he lat sur ac i or z ntal u erm st Now Whenfthe l i pu h d. f war ly. a sho n by th ar w in Fig. 5. the slide at, the barrel :1. and: than" associated. parts encounter no impediment to their movement, and are easily removable from the frame 8. The rear part 21 of the cam I9 can, in this position of the key I, pass over the face 5". When the. components of the firearm are tobe assembled. a simple movement of the lever '9 will at onceact to firmly lock the mer nbers in their firingposition. The stops 8. on the sides of the frame 8 serve to define the limits of movement of the levers 9. and 9., and the spring-pressed retainer pin I6 can enter either of the apertures I;8 inthe groove IIv to hold the key I. inits desired position.

The lever a is removable from. the cylinder I,', sothatthe key I can; be taken out bodily. The lever 9 fits removablyover the reduced end H of the cylinder I-, as hereinbefore described.

It will be noted, therefore, that the key I: provides a means that will ensure absolute alignm nt f th parts o h sun. dur n r coi y t the sa e m iit: p o d a: simp means. fo locking and unlocking the members.

I claim: V Y I In an automatic pistol having a barrel and lide axia ly mo ble. on a ram i ra tusti of a reloading mechanism by recoil; thrust, the mprovem n of aoombincd r coil suidecam a key tor leasably secure-saidbarrelaud said: slide 75 to said frame comprising a lug on the lower and rearmost end of said barrel, a rearwardly sloping cam slot in said lug having parallel sides for its upper end and an axially aligned cam face toward its rear end with a key engaging stop portion of said lug therebehind, a key in said cam slot operable to guide said barrel and said slide rearwardly relative to said frame, and handle means on said key for rotating said key in said frame from barrel-securing position in engagement with said axially aligned cam face and said stop portion of said lug to barrel-release position out of engagement with said cam face and said stop portion whereby said barrel and said slide may be moved axially forward on said frame.

BON'IFACIO GUISASOLA.

6 References Cited in the file of this patent Number Number UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Sneider Mar. 4, 1890 Browning Feb. 22, 1927 Williams Aug. 24, 1937 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Australia Oct. 11, 1909 Germany Mar. 15, 1921 France Jan. 4, 1932 France June 12, 1933 

